Key takeaways
- Most heat pumps need a dedicated 240 V circuit.
- Electric backup heat is the biggest electrical load — often bigger than the heat pump itself.
- Many 100 A panels can work; a load calculation tells you for sure.
- Electrical work in Ontario needs a licensed electrical contractor and an ESA notification.
Typical circuit sizes
| Equipment | Typical breaker | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Ductless, single zone (0.75–1.5 ton) | 15–20 A, 240 V | Often the easiest to fit on an existing panel |
| Central heat pump (2–3 ton) | 20–30 A, 240 V | Similar to a central AC of the same size |
| Central heat pump (4–5 ton) | 30–50 A, 240 V | Check panel capacity |
| Electric backup strips (5–15 kW) | 30–60 A+, 240 V | The biggest load — size carefully |
These are typical ranges. The exact breaker comes from the unit’s nameplate (minimum circuit ampacity and maximum overcurrent protection).
Is your panel big enough?
An electrician performs a load calculation under the Canadian Electrical Code to see if your service can carry the new load alongside everything else — stove, dryer, EV charger and so on.
Usually fineA 200 A service, or a 100 A service with gas appliances and no EV charger — especially with a hybrid setup.
Needs a closer lookA 100 A service adding electric backup heat, an EV charger, or an electric range and dryer.
Alternatives to an upgradeHybrid with your gas furnace instead of strips, smaller backup, or a load-management device.
Service upgradeIf needed, the utility and an electrician coordinate. Plan extra lead time.
Permits and inspections
- Electrical work must be done by a licensed electrical contractor and notified to the Electrical Safety Authority (ESA)
- Your municipality may require an HVAC or building permit — your installer should know
- Keep the ESA certificate and permit records with your rebate documents
Ask who handles it
Make sure your quote says who is responsible for electrical work, permits and inspections — and that it’s included in the price.
Common questions
Do I need a 200 A panel for a heat pump?
Not necessarily. Many homes with 100 A service can add a heat pump, especially without large electric backup. A load calculation decides.
Can I add an EV charger too?
Often yes, sometimes with a load-management device. Mention it early so your electrician plans for both.